The qualities that set a great athlete apart from the rest of us lie not just in the muscles and the lungs but also (1)between the ears. That's because athletes need to make complicated decisions (2)in a flash. One of the most spectacular examples of the athletic brain operating at top speed came in 2001, when the Yankees were in an American League playoff game with the Oakland Athletics. Shortstop Derek Jeter managed to grab an errant throw coming in from right field and then gently toss the ball to catcher Jorge Posada, who (3)tagged the base runner at home plate. Jeter's quick decision saved the game-and the series-for the Yankees. To make the play, Jeter had to master both conscious decisions, such as whether to intercept the throw, ( 4 ) unconscious ones. These are the kinds of unthinking thoughts he must make in every second of every game: how much weight to put on a foot, how fast to rotate his wrist as he releases a ball, and so on. In recent years neuroscientists have begun to catalog some fascinating differences between average brains and the brains of great athletes. (5)By understanding what goes on in athletic heads, researchers hope to understand more about the workings of all brains-those of sports legends and couch potatoes* alike.

1. 下線部(1)は具体的に何を指しているか、(a)～(e)から選びなさい。
   • (a) brain
   • (b) eyes
   • (c) face
   • (d) forehead
   • (e) helmet
2. 下線部(2)の意味と異なる表現はどれか、(a)～(e)から選びなさい。
   • (a) at the speed of light
   • (b) eventually
   • (c) instantly
   • (d) quickly
   • (e) straight away
3. 下線部(3)の意味と同じ表現はどれか、(a)～(e)から選びなさい。
   • (a) put the runner on hold
   • (b) get the runner to stay in a line
   • (c) put the runner out by touching
   • (d) receive the runner in an embrace
   • make the runner stand behind the catcher
4. 空所( 4 )に入るのはどれか、(a)～(e)から選びなさい。
   • (a) and
   • (b) by
   • (c) even
   • (d) or
   • (e) without
5. 下線部(5)を和訳しなさい。