〔A〕～〔E〕の文を読み、問いに対する最も適切な答えを選べ。

〔A〕INFLUENZA NOTICE

Influenza is a contagious disease. There has been an increase in flu cases in Ireland this year. In order to reduce the spread of influenza in the workplace, the following is required by all workers:

DO NOT COME TO WORK IF YOU HAVE:

• ・chills, shivering or a temperature above 38 degrees
• ・muscle aches or pains
• ・coughing
• ・sneezing
• ・runny nose
• ・extreme tiredness

If some or any of these symptoms apply to you, do not　come to work until you have recovered.

If you have just arrived from overseas, please contact your work manager immediately.

If you feel sick at work, contact your work manager at 077 – 991 - 8821 ext. 24.

• 問36. What is the main reason for this notice being posted? ( 36 )
  • (1) Many workers are returning from overseas.
  • (2) Many contagious diseases are infecting the Irish workers.
  • (3) Many workers need the company's phone number.
  • (4) Many workers are suffering from influenza.

〔B〕 In the hospital

• Dr. Jane Lee: Good morning, Mr. Green. And how are you feeling today?
• Mr. Green: Not so good, Dr. Lee. I feel sick to my stomach and I'm having troubles eating almost anything. This morning I threw away my breakfast before taking a bite. I couldn't even look at it!
• Dr. Jane Lee: I see. Have you been feeling sick for very long?
• Mr. Green: Since last week. I can't get a good night's sleep either. My stomach keeps me awake most of the time.
• Dr. Jane Lee: Have you been using the toilet regularly? Any diarrhea or vomiting?
• Mr. Green: I've been to the toilet twice since yesterday, but no diarrhea or vomiting. Perhaps if I drink something, I'll feel better.
• Dr. Jane Lee: We have coffee or tea. I'll ask the nurse to get you a cup immediately. Would you like cream or sugar?
• Mr. Green: Coffee with cream would be great. Also, do you think I could have another blanket? I'm feeling pretty cold. I think I'm getting the chills.
• Dr. Jane Lee: Here's an extra blanket. Let me tuck you in.
• Mr. Green: Thank you, but I can take care of it myself.
• Dr. Jane Lee: I hope you start feeling better, Mr. Green. I'll be back later in the evening to check on your condition.
• Mr. Green: Sounds like a plan. Thank you.

• 問37. What are Mr. Green's main symptoms?
  • (1) He has been vomiting a little and has an upset stomach.
  • (2) He is suffering from an upset stomach and thirst.
  • (3) He has the chills and has not been sleeping well because of his stomach.
  • (4) He can't eat or drink anything and needs a blanket.
• 問38. How does the patient feel about seeing the doctor again in the evening? ( 38 )
  • (1) He can't decide if he wants to see her.
  • (2) He doesn't want to see her.
  • (3) He is still planning to see her.
  • (4) He would like to see her.

〔C〕How does the kilowatt-hour (kWh) energy use per person in China (population 1.3 billion) and India (population 1.1 billion) compare with the kWh usage of some European countries and the U.S.? Using the kWh energy data from 2008, I created a graph showing the kWh units for several different countries. I was surprised that the per-person energy usage in China was higher than that in India. To get a sense of scale in relation to my own energy usage in the U.S., I looked at my natural gas and electric bills for February. They totaled 2,077 kWh/person per month. I didn't try to account for all the other ways I consumed energy such as transportation, but it is clear that with my February energy usage alone, I was well above the yearly energy usage of some other nations around the world.

• 問39. What does this graph show? ( 39 )
  • (1) The energy value in2008.
  • (2) The energy usage per person per month in 2008.
  • (3) The per-person usage of the natural gas and electricity in 2008.
  • (4) The energy in the U.S. in 2008.
• 問40. Which of the following is true about the passage and graph?( 40 )
  • (1) The graph clearly shows that India has the lowest level of energy supply.
  • (2) The per-person energy usage in China is equal to that in India.
  • (3) The per-person energy usage in the U.S. is 2,077 kWh/person per month in total.
  • (4) The per-person energy usage in the U.S. is extremely high.

〔D〕A letter to the editor in a local newspaper

Dear Editor,

I am writing to you about your article last Sunday, "Cell Phones Make Life Easier". You did an excellent job explaining the good points of cell phones; they're convenient, we feel safer always being able to call someone, and they are very helpful in business. On the other hand, you didn't talk about their bad points at all. Thus, I hope you'll let me give your readers some advice on cell phone etiquette.

The first point I'd like to address is loudness. When talking face-to-face in public, you wouldn't shout. Likewise, don't shout when you talk on your cell phone in public. In fact, the microphones in cell phones are so sensitive that you can be heard even if you speak quietly. Furthermore, keep your ringer nice and quiet ― and don't let it ring in meetings, at movies, etc.

Another point that needed to be made has to do with personal space. I think it is very impolite to make calls in small spaces or crowded rooms. This makes others uncomfortable and forces them to listen to your personal business. Additionally, it stops many face-to-face conversations from beginning; that's why I never use my cell phone within three meters of people except in emergencies, and only after asking permission.

Lastly, let me draw your reader's attention to the dangers of doing two things at the same time. For instance, cell phones and driving are a bad combination. Pay attention to the road! Likewise, cell phones can cause you to neglect good friends. Give friends who are with you your full attention. Turn off your cell phone and enjoy their company!

Sincerely,
Janet

• 問41.　Why did Janet write this letter to the editor? ( 41 )
  • (1) She has good cellphone manners and wanted to share them with other readers.
  • (2) She believes that face-to-face conversations are the most important point.
  • (3) She felt the news reporting wasn't balanced.
  • (4) She likes to get advice on how to use a cell phone.
• 問42. What are some of the good points about the cell phones mentioned by Janet? ( 42 )
  • (1) How driving and using a cellphone is a convenient point and how etiquette is important.
  • (2) Business people need cell phones for communication because they are convenient.
  • (3) Neglecting your friends is a good point and makes you feel safe most of the time.
  • (4) The good points are safety, convenience and friendship.

〔E〕Potatoes were first brought to Europe from Central and South America by the Spaniards. At first, potatoes were not accepted by Europeans. Some claimed potatoes were not mentioned in the Bible, while others attributed some common diseases to potatoes. Before the 1700's, potatoes were used mostly as a food for farm animals, so few people ate them. But, the potato got its first big boost in Europe from Frederick the Great, ruler of Prussia. In the 1740's, Prussia was involved in a war against Austria. Faced with the prospect that the nation's crops (and food supply) would be destroyed by invading armies, Frederick urged his farmers to grow potatoes, because potatoes grow underground. A potato field could be marched over or even burned, and survive, where wheat and barley fields would be destroyed by invading armies. But, the Prussian people didn't understand why the king wanted them to eat animal food, and most refused. So, Frederick sent his personal chefs out to travel the countryside and distribute potato recipes to his subjects. When that didn't work, he planted his own potatoes and had this garden heavily guarded. He believed that his subjects would see this garden and think if anything needed to be so heavily guarded, then it must be very valuable. In the end, he issued an edict that anyone who refused to eat potatoes would have their noses cut off. Potatoes quickly became much more popular in Prussia after that.

• 問43. What was one reason why Europeans did NOT eat potatoes?( 43 )
  • (1) Potatoes were associated with causing illnesses.
  • (2) Farm animals ate allot the potato crops.
  • (3) They didn't have time to prepare the recipes of King Frederick.
  • (4) Potatoes originated from Central and South America.
• 問44. What does the underlined part "an edict" mean in the passage?( 44 )
  • (1) An official order.
  • (2) A form of letter.
  • (3) A test.
  • (4) A yearly report.
• 問45. What were the advantages for growing potatoes in Prussia in the 1700's?( 45 )
  • (1) They tasted good when prepared using the right recipes.
  • (2) They were popular with all the people in Prussia.
  • (3) They grew in the ground instead of above the soil.
  • (4) They were able to survive better than wheat or barley plants during the summer months.