帝京大学英語2013年第6問
Mice do it. *Chihuahuas do it. ( 1 ) These animals really know how to shake. Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta recently recorded video of 40 diffrerent animals, representing 15 different species. The scientists wanted to see how wet, hairy mammals shake off water after they get ( 2 ). What the videos revealed is that animals' shaking behavior could be described by ( 3 ) the science of matter, energy and motion.
The scientists say the animals oscillate at just the right frequencies to lose water droplets as efficiently as possible. Oscillate means to move back and forth, and frequency is the number of cycles-movements back and forth-per second.
"I think it's pretty amazing they can do that," David Hu told Science News. Hu is an engineer, but he's also a mathematician and does research in biology. At his laboratory at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Hu studies the physics of fluids, which means he wants to know how fluids move and react to forces. He is particularly interested in ( 4 ) animals interact with water.
This study was led by Andrew Dickerson, a graduate student in Hu's lab. His team calls this get-dry shake "nature's ( 5 ) to the spin cycle of a washing machine." Both the washing machine and shaking animals can get rid of water quickly-but animals are much more efficient than washing machines. For animals, this process helps them control heat in their bodies.
"If a dog couldn't dry itself, we calculated that it would have to use 25 percent of its daily calories to ( 6 ) its body to get rid of the water." Hu told Science News. "Every time they got wet they would get *hypothermia and die."
The bigger the animal, the ( 7 ) it shakes, according to Dickerson and his team. A mouse moves its body back and for th 27 times per second, but a grizzly bear shakes only four times per second.
(From Stephen Ornes, "Wet-dog physics," Science News for Kids August 6, 2012＜http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/2010/11/wet_dog_physics/＞)
- 注)
- Chihuahua:チワワ
- hypothermia:低体温症
- ( 1 )
- A. So are tigers, rats and pandas.
- B. So do tigers, rats and pandas.
- C. So tigers, rats and Pandas are.
- D. So tigers, rats and pandas do.
- ( 2 )
- A. drench
- B. drenched
- C. drenching
- D. to drench
- ( 3 )
- A. graphics
- B. logistics
- C. mathematics
- D. physics
- ( 4 )
- A. how
- B. what
- C. where
- D. why
- ( 5 )
- A. analogy
- B. gift
- C. service
- D. solution
- ( 6 )
- A. adjust
- B. heat
- C. keep
- D. move
- ( 7 )
- A. taster
- B. more
- C. more violently
- D. slower