東京医科大学英語2012年第5問

次の文章の内容と合っていると思われるものを、下に示した(1)~(25)のなかから8つ選びなさい。ただし、解答の順序は問いませんが、同一番号を重複使用した解答は無効とします。$\fbox{36}$~$\fbox{43}$
    注:
  • a strain of E. coli:大腸菌の菌株
  • delirium:意識の混濁状態
  • fenugreek seeds/sprouts:コロハ(マメ科レイリョウコウ属の草本)の実/芽
  • The AP(The Associated Press):米国連合通信社, AP通信
  • diarrhea:下痢
  • gastroenterologist:胃腸病学者
  • put him on fluids to rehydrate him:(脱水症状の患者に)点滴で水分補給する
  • dialysis:透析(とうせき)
  • the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):(米国)疾病対策予防センター

In early May, John Meyer stayed at a lakeside hotel in Hamburg, Germany. He attended a business conference, and he became one of the few U.S. victims in one of the worst food poisoning outbreaks in recent world history. Meyer went to the hospital a week later with what turned out to be a rare and deadly strain of E. coli that caused thousands of illnesses, mostly in Germany. He would spend the next month in a Massachusetts hospital, much of the time in a delirium, while doctors worked around the clock to save his life.

Meyer's is one of six U.S. cases linked to the German outbreak and he is the first to talk about his terrible experience, speaking by phone from his home in Franklin, Massachusetts. Meyer was in Hamburg as that city was emerging as the center of a food poisoning disaster that would be among the deadliest in memory. More than 4,000 people in Germany and other countries became ill since the outbreak was detected in May, including several hundreds who developed a serious complication that can lead to kidney failure. At least 53 died.

The outbreak ultimately was traced to a batch of fenugreek seeds from Egypt. The seeds, which taste a bit like burnt sugar, are sometimes used as a spice in cooking. Fenugreek sprouts are used in salads. Meyer believes he must have eaten fenugreek while attending a business meeting at the Hamburg hotel. He thinks the poisoned seeds, or sprouts, could have been in the fresh fruits and vegetables at a breakfast bar. There would be some irony if that was the case: It is hard to find good produce during hurried business trips, and Meyer had welcomed the opportunity to eat healthy. "In this case, it went wrong," he said.

Meyer's lawyer provided The AP with lab results and government investigation reports into his illness. Massachusetts state health officials also confirmed he was infected with the rare German E. coli strain. Meyer declined to allow his doctor to speak to The AP and he would not agree to be photographed.

Some common forms of food poisoning can cause symptoms within a day of eating poisoned food, but Meyer said he felt no ill effects during a six-day European business trip that included two days in Hamburg and a brief stop in France afterward. He returned home on May 13 feeling fine. However, this unique and dangerous E. coli strain takes a week to announce its presence. Meyer first became aware something was wrong on May 18. He was at his desk in his office that morning when his stomach began hurting.

At 52, he is a cyclist who eats two Greek yogurts each day. He says he has never had food poisoning, but on that day he went home in pain. By midafternoon, he was hit with bloody diarrhea and a dawning sense of alarm. "Whatever it was, it wasn't a minor thing," Meyer said. His wife Loreen, a high school biology teacher, was home by then and worried. She took him to nearby Milford Regional Medical Center.

Doctors there saw him quickly but were not able to diagnose him. They recommended follow-up with a gastroenterologist the next day and sent him home for the night. But when he got home the diarrhea accelerated. "Every hour, and then it started getting even closer," he recalled. Loreen took him back to the hospital that night and he was admitted.

Though it all happened less than two months ago, Meyer's memory is fuzzy on what happened the next several weeks. He had intense stomach pain and his kidneys stopped working. Doctors put him on fluids to rehydrate him. They treated him with different antibiotics, and cleansed his blood using dialysis and other measures. The infection affected his mind. He recalled staring at a clock in his hospital room and not being able to tell time. Meyer, in confusion, even believed that his doctors had written him off for dead. Doctors had not given up on him, but were perplexed.

A test for the most dangerous strain of E. coli familiar to Americans came back negative. They sent specimens for additional analysis to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention lab in Atlanta. In early June, CDC confirmed it was the German strain. Around that time, he had begun to recover. His kidneys were improving. His awareness returned. He was moved out of intensive care more than three weeks later, and on June 17 he was sent home.

But he was far from normal. A man who had been an athletic 1.88 meters and 84 kilograms was down to 73 kilograms and able to walk only short distances using a cane. He was hungry, though, eating two breakfasts, two lunches and two dinners each day. Now he's up to 77 kilograms and working part days from home. He has been in physical therapy and regaining his strength, though he is months away from the kind of vigorous exercise he used to do. "He had a huge appetite because he was still not able to absorb as many nutrients," his wife said.

Meyer's lawyer is looking into the possibility of a lawsuit, with potential targets, including the company that owns the Hamburg hotel where Meyer stayed. He called Meyer's suffering "horrific," and echoed his wife in worrying that he may suffer long-term problems.

For his part, Meyer feels lucky to have survived, crediting his doctors for saving his life and his good health and fitness before the illness for helping him get through it. "Many unfortunate people didn't survive," he said. "It really is a frightening thing."

(The Daily Yomiuri, July 31, 2011)[一部改変] *AP Images
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  • (1) Meyer was infected with a new strain of E. coli in America.
  • (2) It was a few weeks after Meyer had left the Hamburg hotel that the E. coli outbreak started.
  • (3) Severe complications killed hundreds of people all over Europe in the E. coli outbreak last spring, and 53 of them died of kidney failure.
  • (4) It is possible that Meyer had fenugreek sprouts at breakfast in the Hamburg hotel he was staying at.
  • (5) It has always been easy for Meyer to eat healthy even during hurried business trips.
  • (6) Meyer's doctor revealed the facts about Meyer's infection and the difficult treatment Meyer went through in the hospital to the press.
  • (7) Meyer did not want his picture to be shown in the media.
  • (8) Meyer was not at all concerned about his privacy when he talked to the press because he thought he had to inform the world of the terrible experience he had.
  • (9) If you have poisoned food, you will usually feel ill in a day or two, but that was not Meyer's case.
  • (10) Patients who are infected with the rare German E. coli strain start to develop symptoms after many days as is often the case with other food poisonings.
  • (11) Meyer was usually in good shape and had never experienced food poisoning before.
  • (12) It was one of Meyer's colleagues who drove him to a nearby hospital when he had a terrible stomachache on May 18.
  • (13) Meyer suddenly had bloody diarrhea during the first night at the hospital in Massachusetts.
  • (14) The gastroenterologist in the hospital was able to identify the cause of Meyer's illness and Meyer was admitted to the hospital immediately that night.
  • (15) Meyer developed severe diarrhea, stomachache, headache and lung failure.
  • (16) The German E. coli infection affected Meyer not only physically but also mentally.
  • (17) It was CDC that found out the new treatment to cure Meyer's illness.
  • (18) When the test for the most dangerous strain of E. coli familiar to Americans came back negative, the doctors were convinced that Meyer's symptoms were caused by the rare German E. coli strain.
  • (19) It was only after the doctors found the presence of the deadly German E. coli strain and began special treatment that Meyer took a turn for the better.
  • (20) Meyer was in Milford Regional Medical Center for nearly one month.
  • (21) After leaving the hospital, Meyer started his part-time job again while having physical therapy.
  • (22) As Meyer's body had not yet recovered well enough to take in many nutrients, he ate meals many times a day.
  • (23) Meyer will be able to do the kind of vigorous exercise he used to do in a month as he is doing physical therapy.
  • (24) Meyer's lawyer thought it useless for Meyer to make an official complaint to the Hamburg hotel, because it would be difficult to prove that they were to blame.
  • (25) Meyer used to be in very good health which he thought enabled him to get through the illness.